1. Intolerance
Despite the emphasis on tolerance and diversity, instances of intolerance and discrimination still occur in Indonesia. Religious and ethnic tensions, often fueled by extremist ideologies, can undermine the spirit of Bhineka Tunggal Ika.
Efforts to combat intolerance and promote interfaith dialogue are crucial in upholding the ideals of unity and diversity.
2. Regional Disparities
Indonesia’s vast geographical size contributes to regional disparities in economic development and access to resources. These disparities can create social and economic inequalities, which, in turn, may strain the fabric of national unity.
